Similar Collection Framework is the C++ Standard Template Library (STL). Algorithms (such as sorting and searching).The Java Collection Framework package ( java.util) contains: This allows the programmers to program at the interface specification, instead of the actual implementation. The collection framework provides a unified interface to store, retrieve and manipulate the elements of a collection, regardless of the underlying actual implementation. A well-designed framework can improve your productivity and provide ease of maintenance. A framework, by definition, is a set of interfaces that force you to adopt some design practices. Each item in a collection is called an element. In Java, dynamically allocated data structures (such as ArrayList, LinkedList, Vector, Stack, HashSet, HashMap, Hashtable) are supported in a unified architecture called the Collection Framework, which mandates the common behaviors of all the classes.Ī collection, as its name implied, is simply a container object that holds a collection of objects. Many applications may require more complex data structure such as linked list, stack, hash table, set, or tree. Furthermore, array is a simple linear structure. The array, however, does not support so-called dynamic allocation - it has a fixed length which cannot be changed once allocated. The order is the natural ordering of the keys or the order provided by an object that implements the interface Comparator.Although we can use an array as a container to store a group of elements of the same type (primitives or objects). ![]() Unsynchronized, resizable and ordered data structure that maps keys to values. The order is the insertion order of the keys into the data structure. Unsynchronized, resizable and unordered data structure that maps keys to values. ![]() Synchronized, resizable and unordered data structure that maps keys to values. The order is the natural ordering of the elements or the order provided by an object that implements the interface Comparator. Unsynchronized, resizable and ordered collection that does not allow duplicate elements. The order is the insertion order into the collection. Unsynchronized, resizable and ordered collection the does not allow duplicate elements. Unsynchronized, resizable and unordered collection that does not allow duplicate elements. The order is the insertion order into the array. Unsynchronized, resizable and ordered array of elements with double ended queue operations. The order is the insertion order into the queue. Unsynchronized, resizable and ordered double ended queue. Unsynchronized, resizable and ordered array of elements. Synchronized, resizable and ordered array of elements. The table below lists the classes that implement the interfaces of the Java collections framework: ![]() Nonetheless, an object that implements the interface Map can be manipulated as a collection since Map contains a method named values that returns an object of type Collection. The interface Map, although it is included in the Java collections framework, is not a true collection since it maps keys to values. An important point to note is that the interface Collection inherits the interface Iterable, which allows an object that implements the interface Collection to be the target of the for-each-statement. Therefore, depending on their needs, it is up to developers to choose the class that implements the right interfaces. ![]() On the contrary, the interface Set does not allow duplicate elements and those elements cannot be accessed by their position in the set. Furthermore, the interface List allows duplicate elements. For example, the interface List is suitable for manipulating an ordered list of elements that can be accessed by their position in the list. Each interface defines a particular type of collection. Likewise, the interface BlockingDeque inherits both interfaces BlockingQueue and Deque. For example, the interface BlockingQueue inherits Queue which inherits Collection. The above picture shows the hierarchy of the Java collections framework interfaces.
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